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Logging Architecture

K8s Cluster Administration

https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/logging/ Logging Path docker: /var/lib/docker/containers/ containerd: /var/log/containers/ logrotate: /etc/logrotate.d

logging
k8s

CPU Memory Stat

K8s Commands

Node Stat #!/bin/bash echo -e "NODE\t\t\tCPU Requests\tCPU Limits\tMemory Requests\tMemory Limits" for node in $(kubectl get nodes -o name | cut -d'/' -f2); do kubectl describe node "$node" | awk -v node="$node" ' BEGIN { cpu_req = cpu_lim = m...

stats
memory
cpu
commands
k8s

Others

K8s Commands

Cluster Info kubectl cluster-info Kubernetes master is running at https://lb-tomato.example.local:6443 KubeDNS is running at https://lb-tomato.example.local:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy To further debug and diagnose cluster...

others
commands
k8s

Pod

K8s Commands

Get Pod Image kubectl get po xxx -o jsonpath="{.items[*].spec['containers'][*].image}{'\n'}"; echo List All Images All Images = Containers Images + Init Containers Images All Imageskubectl get pods -o jsonpath="{.items[*].spec['containers', 'initContainers'...

pod
commands
k8s

Common Commands

K8s Helm

List Repo helm repo ls Search Chart helm search repo chart-name List Release helm ls NAME: clickhouse NAMESPACE: monitor REVISION: 1 UPDATED: 2023-07-24 10:52:50.017724318 +0000 UTC STATUS: deployed CHART: clickhouse-0.2.5 APP VERSION: 23.6.2.18-alpine...

commands
helm
k8s

Container Runtime Interface

K8s Installation

Kubelet Process 检查 —-container-runtime 参数 ps aux | grep kubelet | grep container --runtime-cgroups=/systemd/system.slice 这个是 cgroup 的路径 k8s 1.18.3root 25679 2.9 1.2 2027184 106064 ? Ssl 2022 42865:16 /usr/bin/kubelet --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/...

cri
installation
k8s

Kubelet Config

K8s Installation

Get Process Info ps aux | grep kubelet root 2282 1.5 1.1 2339372 94776 ? Ssl 2024 6598:36 /usr/bin/kubelet --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf --config=/var/lib/kubelet/config...

k8s
kubelet
installation

Labels and Selectors

K8s Objects

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/

status
todo
selector
label
objects
k8s

kube-state-metrics

K8s Others

Upgrade From v1.9.7 to v2.7.0. https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/1416/98762 Before After kube_pod_container_resource_requests_cpu_cores kube_pod_container_resource_requests{resource="cpu", unit="core"} kube_pod_container_resource_limits_cpu_...

k8s

Sysctl Kernel Parameters

K8s Others

https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/sysctl-cluster/

k8s
status
todo
sysctl
kernel

Endpoints

K8s Services Networking

https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubernetes-api/service-resources/endpoints-v1/ Service Name The Endpoints name must match the Service name.

endpoints
service
k8s

External Traffic Policy

K8s Services Networking

简介 在 Kubernetes 中,externalTrafficPolicy 是 Service(尤其是类型为 LoadBalancer 或 NodePort 的服务)的一项设置,用于控制来自集群外部的流量如何被路由到后端 Pod。 它有两个可选值: Cluster: 默认 行为:外部流量会先到达任意节点(例如通过负载均衡器或 NodePort 接收到请求),然后由 kube-proxy 在集群内转发到任意一个后端 Pod(可能在其他节点)。 优点: 更好的负载均衡,因为可以使用所有后端 Pod。 缺点...

status
todo
external-traffic
network
k8s

Headless Service

K8s Services Networking

Kafka Example kubectl get svc | grep kafkakafka NodePort 10.96.3.138 <none> 9092:11981/TCP 279d kafka-broker-headless ClusterIP None <none> 9094/TCP,9092/TCP 279d kafka-controller-headless Clus...

status
todo
headless
service
k8s

Pod Port

K8s Services Networking

Conclusion 只要程序在 Pod 中监听了某个端口(比如 0.0.0.0:8080),那么我可以直接用 Pod 的 IP + 端口访问到它,而不需要 Service。 这句话 在以下前提下是 100% 正确的: 前提条件 前提 说明 ✅ 监听地址是 0.0.0.0 或 Pod 的 IP 意味着该服务对 Pod 网络栈开放,而不是只对本地(127.0.0.1) ✅ 你是在同一 Kubernetes 集群中、网络插件正常工作(如 Flannel、Calico) Kubernetes 默认...

port
pod
service
k8s

Real IP

K8s Services Networking

Background Question在 k8s 中,有一个 nginx 的 nodeport 服务,用于处理 IP 白名单,放行的时候,就把请求转发出去对应的后端服务,配置如下 externalTrafficPolicy: local internalTrafficPolicy: cluster 现在需要把客户端的真实 IP 透传到后端服务,需要如何配置,集群中有使用 calico daemonset 你的场景是这样的: nginx 是一个 NodePort 服务,做 IP 白名单 + 转发 nginx ...

real-ip
routing
network
service
k8s

PVC/PV/SC/NFS

K8s Storage

storage-class
pv
pvc
k8s
nfs
status
todo

Rancher Storage Class

K8s Storage

Kafka Example Get PVC kubectl get pvc | grep kafka NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY STORAGECLASS data-kafka-controller-0 Bound pvc-1cb563e9-xxx 8Gi RWO local-path 37d Get PV kubectl get pv -o yaml pvc-1cb563e9-3945-474...

storage-class
rancher
k8s

Ephemeral Storage

K8s Troubleshooting

Errors Warning FailedScheduling 21m (x3 over 22m) default-scheduler 0/18 nodes are available: 1 node(s) had untolerated taint {node.kubernetes.io/disk-pressure: }, 3 node(s) had untolerated taint {node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane: }, 6 Insuffici...

troubleshooting
storage
ephemeral
k8s

Horizontal Pod Autoscaler Version Not Found

K8s Troubleshooting

Errors helm upgrade foo foo.tgz -f values.yaml Error: UPGRADE FAILED: resource mapping not found for name: "foo" namespace: "" from "": no matches for kind "HorizontalPodAutoscaler" in version "autoscaling/v2beta1" ensure CRDs are installed first Key Errors...

k8s
troubleshooting
v2beta1
HorizontalPodAutoscaler
helm
autoscaleing
hpa

ImageGCFailed

K8s Troubleshooting

Errors Source LogEvents: Type Reason Age From Message ---- ------ ---- ---- ------- Warning ImageGCFailed 4m14s (x15704 over 133d) kubelet, b...

troubleshooting
image
k8s